<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestsutmb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Тамбовского университета. Серия: Гуманитарные науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1810-0201</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-5825</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Derzhavin Tambov State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20310/1810-0201-2021-26-191-144-151</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestsutmb-129</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕДАГОГИКА ДОШКОЛЬНОГО И ШКОЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDAGOGY OF PRESCHOOL AND SCHOOL EDUCATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Теоретические основы обучения детей чтению</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Theoretical foundations of teaching children to read</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5777-2832</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Первова</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pervova</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Первова Галина Михайловна, доктор педагогических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры теории и методики дошкольного и начального образования, почетный работник высшего профессионального  образования Российской Федерации</p><p>392000, г. Тамбов, ул. Интернациональная, 33</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina M. Pervova, Doctor of Pedagogy, Professor, Professor of Theory and Methods of Pre-School and  Elementary Education Department, Honored Worker of  Higher Vocational Education of Russian Federation</p><p>33 Internatsionalnaya St., Tambov 392000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gmp47@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2168-4205</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семенова Евгения Аркадьевна, аспирант, кафедра теории и методики дошкольного и начального образования</p><p>392000, г. Тамбов, ул. Интернациональная, 33</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniya A. Semenova, Post-Graduate Student, Theory and Methods of Pre-School and Elementary Education  Department</p><p>33 Internatsionalnaya St., Tambov 392000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhozhka888@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Тамбовский государственный университет им. Г.Р. Державина»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Derzhavin Tambov State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>191</issue><fpage>144</fpage><lpage>151</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Первова Г.М., Семенова Е.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Первова Г.М., Семенова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pervova G.M., Semenova E.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestsutmb.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/129">https://vestsutmb.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/129</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе нашел отражение историко-теоретический аспект методики обучения чтению в России: охарактеризованы три этапа развития методической науки в названном направлении. Проведен сравнительно-сопоставительный анализ определений понятия «чтение» в разных источниках знаний, описан методический феномен чтения. Психолого-педагогические и справочно-информационные материалы, использованные в работе, выявляют как достижения в методике обучения детей чтению, так и проблемные вопросы. В частности, поставлен вопрос о целевых установках в обучении чтению, определены возрастные особенности участников процесса, с опорой на труды психологов и методистов установлено различие чтения как психофизиологического действия и как речевой деятельности, названы классические и альтернативные методики обучения чтению и др. Сделаны выводы о возможности обучения чтению в дошкольном возрасте, так как созданы теоретические и эмпирические предпосылки, разработаны практические методики обучения детей чтению. Выдвинута гипотеза о необходимости индивидуализации обучения и создании научно обоснованной технологии процесса.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The work reflects the historical and theoretical aspect of the method of teaching reading in Russia: three stages of development of methodic science in this direction are described. A comparative analysis of the definitions of the concept “reading” in different sources of knowledge is carried out, and the methodic phenomenon of reading is described. The psychological-pedagogical and reference materials used in the work reveal both achievements in the methods of teaching children to read, and problematic issues. In particular, the issue of the objectives in the teaching reading, determined by the age peculiarities of the participants in the process, drawing on the works of psychologists and supervisors a difference is read as the physiological actions and how speech activities, are called classical and alternative methods of learning to read and other. We come to conclusions about the possibility of learning to read in preschool age, since theoretical and empirical prerequisites are created, and practical methods of teaching children to read are developed. A hypothesis is put forward about the need for individualization of training and the creation of a scientifically based technology of the process.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обучение чтению</kwd><kwd>дошкольники и младшие школьники</kwd><kwd>история и теория методики</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>teaching reading</kwd><kwd>preschool and primary school students</kwd><kwd>history and theory of the method</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Светловская Н.Н. Из истории методики обучения читателя в России: Лекционно-практический курс. М.: Мегатрон, 2000. 237 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Svetlovskaya N.N. Iz istorii metodiki obucheniya chitatelya v Rossii: Lektsionno-prakticheskiy kurs [From the History of the Methods of Teaching the Reader in Russia: Lecture-Practical Course]. Moscow, Megatron Publ., 2000, 237 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Материалы по истории русской детской литературы / под ред. А.К. Покровской, Н.В. Чехова. М., 1927–1929. 304 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pokrovskaya A.K., Chekhov N.V. (ed.). Materialy po istorii russkoy detskoy literatury [Materials on the History of Russian Children’s Literature]. Moscow, 1927–1929, 304 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чтение в начальной и средней школе: сб. ст. / под общ. ред. К.Б. Бархина. М., 1936.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barkhin K.B. (gen. ed.). Chteniye v nachal’noy i sredney shkole [Reading in Elementary and Middle School]. Moscow, 1936. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Педагогическая энциклопедия: в 4 т. / гл. ред. И.А. Каиров. М., 1968. Т. 4. СН-Я. 912 стб.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kairov I.A. (ed.-in-chief). Pedagogicheskaya entsiklopediya: v 4 t. T. 4. SN-Ya [Pedagogical Encyclopedia: in 4 vols. Vol. 4. SN-Ya]. Moscow, 1968, 912 cols. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ожегов С.И. Шведова Н.Ю. Толковый словарь русского языка. М.: Азъ, 1994. 944 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ozhegov S.I. Shvedova N.Y. Tolkovyy slovar’ russkogo yazyka [Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language]. Moscow, Az” Publ., 1994, 944 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Словарь терминов по информатике / сост. Г.С. Жданова, Е.С. Колобородова, В.А. Полушкин, А.И. Черный. М.: Наука, 1971. 360 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhdanova G.S., Koloborodova E.S., Polushkin V.A., Chernyy A.I. (compilers). Slovar’ terminov po informatike [Glossary of Computer Science Terms]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1971, 360 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Львов М.Р. Словарь-справочник по методике русского языка. М.: Просвещение, 1988. 240 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lvov M.R. Slovar’-spravochnik po metodike russkogo yazyka [Dictionary-Reference Book on the Methods of the Russian Language]. Moscow, Prosveshcheniye Publ., 1988, 240 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Педагогическое речеведение / под ред. Т.А. Ладыженской; сост. А.А. Князьков, Л.Е. Тумина. М.: МПГУ, 1993. 312 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ladyzhenskaya T.A. (ed.)., Knyazkov A.A., Tumina L.E. (compilers). Pedagogicheskoye rechevedeniye [Pedagogical Speech]. Moscow, Moscow Pedagogical State University Publ., 1993, 312 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Леонтьев А.Н. Проблемы развития психики. М., 1981. 880 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leontyev A.N. Problemy razvitiya psikhiki [Mental Development Problems]. Moscow, 1981, 880 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Русский язык в начальных классах. Теория и практика обучения / под ред. М.С. Соловейчик. М., 1997. 383 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Soloveychik M.S. (ed.). Russkiy yazyk v nachal’nykh klassakh. Teoriya i praktika obucheniya [Russian Language in Primary School. Theory and Practice of Teaching]. Moscow, 1997, 383 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Российская педагогическая энциклопедия: в 2 т. / гл. ред. В.Г. Панов. М., 1999. Т. 2. 607 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Panov V.G. (ed.-in-chief). Rossiyskaya pedagogicheskaya entsiklopediya: v 2 t. [Russian Pedagogical Encyclopedia: in 2 vols.]. Moscow, 1999, vol. 2, 607 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Методика обучения русскому языку и литературному чтению / под ред. Т.И. Зиновьевой. М.: Изд-во «Юрайт», 2020. 468 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zinovyeva T.I. (ed.). Metodika obucheniya russkomu yazyku i literaturnomu chteniyu [Methods of Teaching Russian Language and Literary Reading]. Moscow, Urait Publ., 2020, 468 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сильченкова Л.С. Обучение русской грамоте: традиции и новации. М.: Изд-во АПКиППРО Академия, 2006. 100 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Silchenkova L.S. Obucheniye russkoy gramote: traditsii i novatsii [Teaching Russian literacy: Traditions and Innovations]. Moscow, The Academy of Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation Publ., 2006, 100 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Павлова Л.Н. Учить ли малышей чтению? // Дошкольное воспитание. 1993. № 1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pavlova L.N. Uchit’ li malyshey chteniyu? [Should we teach kids to read?]. Doshkol’noye vospitaniye [Preschool Education], 1993, no. 1. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Королева О.А., Руднева Е.В., Сергиенко Н.А. Целесообразность и условия обучения чтению детей старшего дошкольного возраста // Молодой ученый. 2017. № 34 (168). С. 29-31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koroleva O.A., Rudneva E.V., Sergiyenko N.A. Tselesoobraznost’ i usloviya obucheniya chteniyu detey starshego doshkol’nogo vozrasta [Feasibility and conditions of teaching reading for older preschool children]. Molodoy uchenyy – Young Scientist, 2017, no. 34 (168), pp. 29-31. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Первова Г.М. Если дошкольники захотели научиться читать… // Практика управления ДОУ. 2017. № 4. С. 13-18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pervova G.M. Esli doshkol’niki zakhoteli nauchit’sya chitat’… [If preschoolers wanted to learn to read...]. Praktika upravleniya DOU [Practice of Preschool Educational Institution Management], 2017, no. 4, pp. 13-18. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Эльконин Д.Б. Как учить детей читать. М.: Знание, 1976. 64 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Elkonin D.B. Kak uchit’ detey chitat’ [How to Teach Children to Read]. Moscow, Znaniye Publ., 1976, 64 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Красильникова И.В. Обучение чтению детей среднего дошкольного возраста: дис. … канд. пед. наук. Пермь, 2002. 230 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krasilnikova I.V. Obucheniye chteniyu detey srednego doshkol’nogo vozrasta: dis. … kand. ped. nauk [Teaching Reading for Children of Middle Preschool Age. Cand. ped. sci. diss.]. Perm, 2002, 230 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чиндилова О.В. Феноменология развития читательской культуры детей дошкольного возраста в контексте непрерывного литературного образования: дис. … д-ра пед. наук. Челябинск, 2011. 356 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chindilova O.V. Fenomenologiya razvitiya chitatel’skoy kul’tury detey doshkol’nogo vozrasta v kontekste nepreryvnogo literaturnogo obrazovaniya: dis. … d-ra ped. nauk [Phenomenology of the Development of the Reading Culture of Preschool Children in the Context of Continuous Literary Education. Dr. ped. sic. diss.]. Chelyabinsk, 2011, 356 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ушинский К.Д. Родное слово: Книга для детей и родителей / сост., предисл., примеч., словарь, подгот. текста Н.Г. Ермолиной. Новосибирск: Мангазея; Дет. лит., 1997. 456 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ushinskiy K.D. Rodnoye slovo: Kniga dlya detey i roditeley [Mother Word: Book for Children and Parents]. Novosibirsk, Mangazeya, Detskaya literatura Publ., 1997, 456 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сухомлинский В.А. Сердце отдаю детям. М.: Педагогика, 1976.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sukhomlinskiy V.A. Serdtse otdayu detyam [I Give my Heart to Children]. Moscow, Pedagogika Publ., 1976. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Львов М.Р. Ребенок сам учится читать // Начальная школа. 1990. № 4. С. 59-62.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lvov M.R. Rebenok sam uchitsya chitat’ [The child learns to read himself]. Nachal’naya shkola [Primary School], 1990, no. 4, pp. 59-62. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Светловская Н.Н. Основы науки о читателе: теория формирования типа правильной читательской деятельности. М.: Магистр, 1993. 175 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Svetlovskaya N.N. Osnovy nauki o chitatele: teoriya formirovaniya tipa pravil’noy chitatel’skoy deyatel’nosti [Fundamentals of Reader Science: Theory of Forming the Type of Correct Reading Activity]. Moscow, Magistr Publ., 1993, 175 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Светловская Н.Н. Обучение чтению и законы формирования читателя // Начальная школа. 2003. № 1. С. 11-18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Svetlovskaya N.N. Obucheniye chteniyu i zakony formirovaniya chitatelya [Learning to read and the laws of formation of the reader]. Nachal’naya shkola [Primary School], 2003, no. 1, pp. 11-18. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Первова Г.М. Читательская культура педагога. Тамбов: Изд-во ТОИПКРО, 2018. 250 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pervova G.M. Chitatel’skaya kul’tura pedagoga [Reading Culture of the Teacher]. Tambov, Tambov Regional Institute for Advanced Training of Educators Publ., 2018, 250 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
