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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestsutmb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Тамбовского университета. Серия: Гуманитарные науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1810-0201</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-5825</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Derzhavin Tambov State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20310/1810-0201-2026-31-3-658-676</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ENICZX</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestsutmb-1821</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕДАГОГИКА ВЫСШЕЙ ШКОЛЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDAGOGY OF HIGHER EDUCATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Обоснование дидактического статуса состязательного подхода к образованию</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Justification of the didactic status of the competitive approach to education</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7192-5316</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гулов</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gulov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гулов Артем Петрович, доктор педагогических наук, доцент кафедры английского языка № 6</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 867845</p><p>119454, г. Москва, проспект Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem P. Gulov, Dr. Sci. (Education), Associate Professor of English Language Department No. 6</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 867845</p><p>76 Vernadskogo Ave., Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gulov@tea4er.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6287-8263</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бережнова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berezhnova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бережнова Елена Викторовна, доктор педагогических наук, профессор кафедры мировой литературы и культуры</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 273713</p><p>119454, г. Москва, проспект Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Berezhnova, Dr. Sci. (Education), Professor of World Literature and Culture Department</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 273713</p><p>76 Vernadskogo Ave., Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.v.berezhnova@inno.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Московский государственный институт международных отношений (Университет) Министерства иностранных дел Российской Федерации»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Institute of International Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>658</fpage><lpage>676</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гулов А.П., Бережнова Е.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гулов А.П., Бережнова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gulov A.P., Berezhnova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestsutmb.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1821">https://vestsutmb.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1821</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Педагогическая практика накопила значительный массив эмпирических свидетельств об эффективности состязательных форм организации обучения: метаанализы фиксируют умеренный, но статистически значимый положительный эффект на когнитивные результаты и академическую вовлеченность обучающихся. Вместе с тем категориальный статус состязательности в дидактике остается неопределенным: различные исследователи описывают ее как принцип, метод или технологию, что затрудняет теоретическое обобщение и сопоставление результатов исследований. Устранение этой категориальной неопределенности представляет самостоятельную теоретическую задачу.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Работа выполнена в жанре концептуальной статьи типа Theory Adaptation: конструкт состязательности, разработанный в психологии мотивации и конкурентологии, переносится в категориальную систему дидактики с необходимой адаптацией. В качестве основного метода применена критериальная дифференциация уровней дидактического обобщения (подход, принцип, метод, технология), дополненная типологическим сравнением смежных дидактических конструктов. Теоретическую базу образуют работы по методологии педагогического знания, исследования феномена состязательности в отечественной дидактике и психологические теории, объясняющие механизмы влияния состязания на учение.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. Разработана авторская система из пяти критериев разграничения дидактических категорий (уровень обобщения, охват системы, отношение к цели, нормативная нейтральность, системообразующая роль); проведена верификация соответствия состязательности критериям подхода; сформулировано авторское определение состязательного подхода; построена типология, позволяющая отличить состязательный подход от компетентностного и деятельностного подходов, геймификации и кооперативного обучения; предложена структурная модель, объединяющая компоненты педагогической системы, психологические механизмы и условия реализации в единую концептуальную схему.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Квалификация состязательности как педагогического подхода снимает ряд теоретических противоречий, существующих в литературе, обеспечивает категориальную точность при описании состязательных образовательных практик и открывает перспективы для эмпирической верификации предложенной модели в реальных дидактических контекстах.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Importance</title><p>Importance. Pedagogical practice has accumulated substantial empirical evidence on the effectiveness of competitive forms of learning organisation: meta-analyses consistently report a moderate yet statistically significant positive effect on cognitive outcomes and academic engagement. Nevertheless, the categorical status of competitiveness within didactics remains ambiguous – different researchers describe it as a principle, a method, or a technology, which impedes theoretical synthesis and the comparability of research findings. Resolving this categorical ambiguity constitutes an independent theoretical problem.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The study is conducted as a conceptual paper of the Theory Adaptation type: the construct of competitiveness, developed within motivational psychology and competition theory, is transferred into the categorical system of didactics with the necessary theoretical adaptation. The primary method is criterial differentiation of levels of didactic generalisation (approach, principle, method, technology), complemented by typological comparison of related didactic constructs. The theoretical framework draws on works in the methodology of pedagogical knowledge, research on the phenomenon of competitiveness in Russian didactics, and psychological theories explaining the mechanisms through which competition affects learning.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and Discussion</title><p>Results and Discussion. An original system of five criteria for distinguishing didactic categories is developed (level of generalisation, system coverage, relation to purpose, normative neutrality, and system-forming role); the correspondence of competitiveness to the criteria of an approach is verified; an original definition of the competitive approach is formulated; a typology is constructed to differentiate the competitive approach from competence-based and activity-based approaches, gamification, and cooperative learning; and a structural model is proposed that integrates the components of the pedagogical system, psychological mechanisms, and implementation conditions into a unified conceptual framework.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Qualifying competitiveness as a pedagogical approach resolves a number of theoretical contradictions present in the literature, provides categorical precision in describing competitive educational practices, and opens prospects for empirical verification of the proposed model in real didactic contexts.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>состязательность</kwd><kwd>педагогический подход</kwd><kwd>дидактика</kwd><kwd>категориальный статус</kwd><kwd>теория самодетерминации</kwd><kwd>социальное сравнение</kwd><kwd>состязательная образовательная среда</kwd><kwd>концептуальная статья</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>competitiveness</kwd><kwd>pedagogical approach</kwd><kwd>didactics</kwd><kwd>categorical status</kwd><kwd>self-determination theory</kwd><kwd>social comparison</kwd><kwd>competitive educational environment</kwd><kwd>conceptual article</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sailer M., Homner L. 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