vestsutmbВестник Тамбовского университета. Серия: Гуманитарные наукиTambov University Review. Series: Humanities1810-02012782-5825Derzhavin Tambov State University10.20310/1810-0201-2021-26-195-353-360vestsutmb-36Research ArticleИСТОРИЯ ЗАРУБЕЖНЫХ СТРАНFOREIGN COUNTRIES’ HISTORYДжеймс Шотуэлл и Национальное управление исторической службы (1917–1918 гг.)James Shotwell and National Board for Historical Service (1917–1918)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9199-6573РомановВ. В.RomanovV. V.

Романов Владимир Викторович, доктор исторических наук, профессор, декан факультета истории, мировой политики и социологии, профессор кафедры международных отношений и политологии

392000, г. Тамбов, ул. Интернациональная, 33

Vladimir V. Romanov, Doctor of History, Professor, Dean of the Faculty of History, World Politics and Sociology, Professor at the Department of International Relations and Political Science

33 Internatsionalnaya St., Tambov 392000

vvromanov@mail.ruФГБОУ ВО «Тамбовский государственный университет им. Г.Р. Державина»РоссияDerzhavin Tambov State UniversityRussian Federation20213003202126195353360Copyright © Романов В.В., 20212021Романов В.В.Romanov V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestsutmb.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/36

Рассмотрена роль американского историка Джеймса Шотуэлла в организации и деятельности Национального управления исторической службы. Управление входило в систему чрезвычайных агентств США, созданных для того, чтобы обеспечивать участие страны в Первой мировой войне. Его учредителями стали «новые историки», которые рассматривали историю как науку, объяснявшую в том числе и современные социально-экономические процессы. В условиях глобального конфликта управление, которое возглавил Дж. Шотуэлл, занималось сбором материалов о войне и подготовкой экспертных заключений по актуальным политическим проблемам и вопросам преподавания истории. На основе публикаций, подготовленных под эгидой управления в 1917–1918 гг., дана оценка как академической, так и пропагандистской составляющей его деятельности. Обоснован вывод о том, что политическая ангажированность историков в ряде случаев становилась причиной их отхода от исторической объективности. В качестве примера данной тенденции рассматривается проведенная сотрудниками управления экспертиза «документов Сиссона».

The role of the American historian James Shotwell in the organization and activity of the National Board for Historical Service is examined. The Board was part of the United States emergency agencies, created in order to ensure the country's participation in the World War I. Its founders were “New Historians” who viewed history as a science that should explain modern socio-economic processes. In the context of the global conflict, the Board under the leadership of Shotwell was engaged in collecting materials about the war and composing expert opinions on current political problems and issues of teaching history. On the basis of publications prepared under the direction of the Board in 1917–1918, we assess the academic and propaganda components of the Board’s activities. It is concluded that the political bias of historians in a number of cases became the reason for their loss of historical objectivity. An examination of the “Sisson documents” conducted by the Board staff is considered as an example of this trend.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.