We examine some of the problems of the process of developing the professional culture of a music teacher among foreign students from the Chinese People’s Republic in accordance with modern trends in Russian pedagogy of music education; the concept of “culture of piano performance-intonation” is revealed as a necessary component of the professional culture of a music teacher. The goal is to substantiate the need to study the features of the development of professional culture among Chinese students, future music teachers, in the process of musical and instrumental training at a Russian pedagogical university. In the course of the research, the concept of “professional culture of a music teacher” is clarified; the features of the development of the professional culture of a music teacher, and, in particular, the culture of piano performance-intonation among Chinese students, as its separate component, are investigated; the conditions for the upbringing of the culture of piano performance and intonation among foreign students in the process of musical and instrumental training in a Russian pedagogical university are determined. The research methodology is based on the systematization of scientific and pedagogical knowledge in the field of musicology, pedagogy and psychology of music education, as well as the results of experimental work carried out over the past three years on the basis of the “Special Piano” Depart ment of the Tambov State Musical Pedagogical Institute named after S.V. Rachmaninov and the Music and Methods of Teaching Music Department of Penza State University.