Methods of teaching badminton to adolescents with intellectual disabilities taking into account the motor asymmetry of the hands

Importance. Badminton as a means of adaptive physical education has significant potential in developing coordination abilities. At the same time, in the process of teaching motor actions in badminton to adolescents with intellectual disabilities, teachers often do not pay attention and do not take into account the features of motor asymmetry of the hands. The problem of the study is due to the insufficient development of the methodology for teaching motor actions in badminton, taking into account the motor preferences of adolescents aged 12–13 years. At present, there are no works devoted to the problem of teaching badminton to adolescents with similar deviations in health, taking into account the features of motor asymmetry of the hands. The purpose of the study is to experimentally test the effectiveness of the methodology for teaching motor actions with a racket in badminton to adolescents with mild mental retardation with both the dominant and non-dominant hand.

Materials and Methods. The experimental methodology is developed based on the analysis of scientific and methodological literature, observation results, video analysis of movements and diagnostics of hand motor preferences in 108 adolescents, and the content of adaptive physical education programs in 8 correctional schools in Ivanovo region. The pedagogical experiment is conducted with 12–13 year old adolescents (20 people) at Shuya correctional boarding school. The methodology is implemented during the school year, during badminton sectional classes (3 times a week). The exercises’ volume performed by the non-dominant hand varied from 15 to 25 % of the time in each class. The developed methodology exercises’ are performed using motor actions with a racket, both with balloons of different sizes, and with a shuttlecock. The pedagogical experiment results are processed using Student’s t-criterion.

Results and Discussion. According to the pedagogical experiment results, the performance indicators of the following technical techniques in the experimental group of adolescents: “a high serve with the shuttlecock hitting the target area”; “shuttlecock juggling”; “lower shuttlecock serve with the shuttlecock hitting the hoop suspended at a height” became significantly higher than those of the control group of adolescents (p < 0.05).

Conclusion. The use of a special technique for performing exercises with a badminton racket with the non-dominant hand in a volume of 15 to 25 % in sectional classes with adolescents with mild mental retardation helps to improve the quality of their performance of technical techniques in badminton.

1. Lanskaya O.V., Sazonova L.A., Korol’kova E.I. (2022). The efficiency of the method of developing the motor qualities of schoolchildren with mental defectiveness using outdoor games. Adaptivnaya fizicheskaya kul’tura = Adaptive Physical Education, vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 7-10. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/tlsnaj

2. Rudneva L.V., Shelispanskaya E.V. (2019). Pedagogical conditions of correction of the basic kinds of movements among junior high school students with mental retardation. Izvestiya Tul’skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Fizicheskaya kul’tura. Sport = Proceedings of the TSU, issue 7, pp. 29-38. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/rdbhzq

3. Kalmykov D.A. (2019). Methodology implementation features for the development of coordination abilities on the basis of an integrated approach among children with mental retardation. Vestnik Tambovskogo universiteta. Seriya: Gumanitarnye nauki = Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, vol. 24, no. 183, pp. 118-127. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2019-24-183-118-127, https://elibrary.ru/oudtxw

4. Mel’nikova T.A., Mikheeva O.S., Milovanov S.N. (2024). Correction of basic coordination abilities of primary schoolchildren with mental retardation studying in an inclusive educational organization. Adaptivnaya fizicheskaya kul’tura = Adaptive Physical Education, no. 1 (97), pp. 51-53. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/cbpekx

5. Pravdov M.A., Pravdov D.M. (2024). Correction of the motor sphere of adolescents with mild mental retardation based on the development of coordination abilities. Vestnik Tambovskogo universiteta. Seriya: Gumanitarnye nauki = Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1707-1716. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2024-29-6-1707-1716, https://elibrary.ru/dhknas

6. Nikiforova T.Yu. (2019). Method of correction of coordination abilities in adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Izvestiya Tul’skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Fizicheskaya kul’tura. Sport = Proceedings of the TSU, no. 10, pp. 45-52. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/gfayrp

7. Chebeneva O.E., Bazarov R.T. (2022). Methods of conducting classes with mentally retarded children on adaptive physical culture. Izvestiya Tul’skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Fizicheskaya kul’tura. Sport = Proceedings of the TSU, issue 12, pp. 55-63. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24412/2305-8404-2022-12-55-63, https://elibrary.ru/xvyjek

8. Kuropatkina N.A., Bakhnova T.V., Kotrunova T.S. (2024). Physical recreation of children and adolescents with disabilities in residential educational institutions. Voprosy kurortologii, fizioterapii i lechebnoi fizicheskoi kul’tury = Problems of Balneology, Physiotherapy, and Exercise Therapy, vol. 101, no. 3-2, pp. 112-113. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/vqddtw

9. Ramanovich D.V., Kalyuzhin V.G. (2022). Testing the development of coordination abilities of schoolchildren with mild mental retardation. Scientific News of Academy of Physical Culture and Sport, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 61-64. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.28942/ssj.v4i3.553, https://elibrary.ru/nrpnfv

10. Obivalina M.S. (2022). Features of the development of the motor sphere and physical qualities in people with mental retardation. Enigma, no. 42, pp. 173-183. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/nwwojb

11. Korotkov K.G., Baryabina V.Yu. (2022). Research of the psycho physiological state of persons with intellectual disabilities (literature review). Adaptivnaya fizicheskaya kul’tura = Adaptive Physical Education, vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 16-17. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/weyhpw

12. Ustymenko O.N. (2017). Influence of activities by badminton on children with intellectual development violation in aspect social adaptation and conditions of everyday life. Fizicheskaya kul’tura, sport i zdorov’e, no. 30, pp. 195-198. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/yvvoas

13. Polevshchikov M.M., Ustymenko O.N. (2010). Badminton lessons in physical rehabilitation and social adaptation of mentally retarded children. Avtonomiya lichnosti, vol. 2, pp. 92-95. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/nyjwyr

14. Morozova E.V., Zhuravleva E.V., Varfolomeev D.L. (2022). The influence of badminton classes on the socialization and rehabilitation of disabled people. Chelovek. Obshchestvo. Inklyuziya = Human. Society. Inclusion, no. 4 (52), pp. 59-64. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/aybjcz

15. Loskutova E.A., Ustymenko O.N. (2024). The influence of badminton on the social adaptation of schoolchildren with intellectual disabilities. Vestnik Mariiskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Vestnik of the Mari State University, vol. 18, no. 2 (54), pp. 181-187. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30914/2072-6783-2024-18-2-181-187, https://elibrary.ru/egvogm

16. Barchukova G.V., Ivashin A.A. (compilers) (2021). Standard Sports Training Program for the Sport “Badminton” (Initial Training Stage). Moscow, 171 p. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/qkabhu.