SYSTEM DIFFERENTIATION AS A PATTERN AND PRINCIPLE OF EDUCATION

Abstract

The concept of “system differentiation” is revealed, the evolution of the ideas of system differentiation found in the scientific literature is traced, the main requirements to the educational process in higher and secondary education are pointed out. It is shown that the process of teaching in secondary and higher schools based on the principle of systemic differentiation has a personality-oriented nature and involves schoolchildren and students in a step-by-step system of tasks, types and forms of activity and communication. The development of cognitive structures in ontogenesis goes through their progressive complication in accordance with the principle of systems differentiation. This principle reads that more advanced and highly ordered cognitive structures are developing only from more simple and diffusional structures through their gradual differentiation. The education based on the principle of systems differentiation is always a process of solving more and more complicated educational tasks. This process includes three main stages (structural components): 1) introduction-motivation stage; 2) working stage; 3) evaluation stage. These structural components (stages) both exist in the process of teaching special subject and in studying some themes or giving private lessons and other forms of educational lesion in this subject.