EXCURSION ACTIVITY OF MUSEUMS AS ONE FORM OF CULTURAL-EDUCATIONAL AND POLITICAL-EDUCATIONAL WORK OF MUSEUMS OF TAMBOV PROVINCE IN 20-30-S OF XX CENTURY

Abstract

The meaning of excursion activity of museums in cultural-educational and political-educational work of museums of Tambov province in 20-30-s of XX century is considered. The activity of museums in educational sphere was aimed at studying wide amount of population of province with the history of native region and through art collections of museums the study of history occurred. This work was according to governmental policy on cultural development and education of the population. The basic forms were: excursions, lectures, exhibitions. People’s commissariat for education of RSFSR paid attention to excursions, including them into the most important ways of educational work among the population - both for students and workers. Museums of province were considered as organic part of cultural life of province and at the same time influenced its development. But for 1920-s they were considered as “political education guide”, “political-educational combine”. Museums had to participate in many political campaigns, in atheism propaganda, industrialization, organization of collective farms. The criteria of efficacy of museums’ work was participation in mass propaganda. The important place in these tasks decision was given to excursions, among which dominated the historical-revolutionary, manufacturing and agricultural themes. The basic aim of them was political education of workers, formation of socialism ideas fighters. Excursion work of museums was an important mean of ideological influence on mass.