Physical qualities development of pre-school students in rhythmic gymnastics classes

The pre-school period is one of the most crucial periods of a person’s life, in the development of physical health and skills that ensure its improvement, strengthening and preservation in the future. At the same time, the analysis of real practical work in pre-school educational institutions shows that the requirements for the level of physical fitness and the state of health of preschool children are constantly increasing. Physical fitness of children, determined by the level of physical qualities, creates the basis for all motor activity of pre-school students. Development of physical abilities determines the process of improving child’s motor sphere and appears to be the most important component of his health. In the variety of physical education means for pre-school students, rhythmic gymnastics occupies a special place, due to its accessibility, versatility and emotionality. Recently, rhythmic gymnastics is widely used in basic forms of physical education in pre-school institutions. Purposeful rhythmic gymnastics evenly involves in the work of all muscle groups, joints, stimulates the activity of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. To date, a number of studies have been published in which issues of increasing the effectiveness of children’s physical education through the use of rhythmic gymnastics are considered. In the practice of physical education of children of preschool age, rhythmic gymnastics is used quite often. To this day, some organizational and methodic features of the use of rhythmic gymnastics complexes remain open. In a number of publications there are conflicting opinions related to the duration of individual rhythmic gymnastics complexes use. According to many experts, the set of exercises as well as its musical accompaniment, changes as necessary, because one of the criteria is the loss of children’s interest in exercises. The average duration of the use of a separate complex of rhythmic gymnastics with 2 lessons per week, varies, according to literary sources, from one and a half to three and a half months. With reference to the above, there is a need for special studies to solve current problems existing in the practice of physical education of pre-school students.

1. Kuzmenko M.V. Vozdeystviye kompleksov ritmicheskoy gimnastiki na fizicheskuyu podgotovlennost’ doshkol’nikov: avtoref. dis. ... kand. ped. nauk [Impact of Rhythmic Gymnastics Complexes on the Physical Fitness of Pre-School Students. Cand. ped. sci. diss. abstr.]. Malakhovka, 2002, 24 p. (In Russian).

2. Kuzmenko M.V., Bindusov E.E. Ritmicheskaya gimnastika v doshkol’nom obrazovatel’nom uchrezhdenii [Rhythmic Gymnastics in Pre-School Educational Institute]. Malakhovka, Moscow State Academy of Physical Education Publ., 2006, 85 p. (In Russian).

3. Lisitskaya T.S. Ritm + Plastika [Rhythm + Plastics]. Moscow, Physical Culture and Sports Publ., 1987, 160 p. (In Russian).

4. Kolodnitskiy G.A. Muzykal’nyye igry, ritmicheskiye uprazhneniya i tantsy dlya detey [Musical games, Rhythmic Exercises and Dances for Children]. Moscow, Gnom-Press Publ., 2000, 64 p. (In Russian).

5. Kuzmenko M.V. Obrazno-igrovaya ritmicheskaya gimnastika dlya detey doshkol’nogo i mladshego shkol’nogo vozrasta [Figurative and Playing Rhythmic Gymnastics for Pre-School and Primary School Age Children]. Moscow, Moscow State Academy of Physical Education Publ., Knigi i biznes Publ., 2007, 115 p. (In Russian).

6. Semenova L.M., Ilina L.Y., Rozhkova I.V. Ritmicheskaya gimnastika v detskom sadu [Rhythmic Gymnastics in Kindergarten]. Teoriya i praktika fiz. kul’tury – Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 1999, no. 11, pp. 28-31. (In Russian).

7. Kuzmenko M.V., Fakhrieva I.A., Boldyreva V.B. Metodika khoreograficheskoy podgotovki gimnastok s ispol'zovaniem sredstv sovremennykh tantsev [The methods of choreography preparation of gymnasts with the use of modern dance means]. Vestnik Tambovskogo universiteta. Seriya Gumanitarnye nauki – Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, 2017, vol. 22, no. 2 (166), pp. 48-54. DOI: 10.20310/1810-0201-2017-22-2(166)-48-54. (In Russian).

8. Kuzmenko M.V., Kasap L.V. Fitbol: 250 uprazhneniy i igr dlya doshkol’nikov [Fitball: 250 Exercises and Games for Pre-School Students]. Moscow, Moscow State Academy of Physical Education Publ., 2012, 107 p. (In Russian).

9. Kuzmenko M.V. Organizatsiya i provedeniye zanyatiy ritmicheskoy gimnastikoy s doshkol’nikami [Organizing and conducting classes of rhythmic gymnastics with pre-school students]. Instruktor po fizkul’ture [Physical Education Instructor], 2011, no. 1, pp. 34-40. (In Russian).