Characteristics of loanwords in Chinese language on the example of digital economy sphere

Abstract

It is devoted to the study of borrowing methods in Chinese and the degree of influence of the English language on these methods on the example of terminological units from the digital economy sphere. The digital economy is one of the rapidly developing industries in the world, which attracts the attention of a large number of specialists from various fields of science. From the linguistics point of view, the interest of this industry is caused by the following question: what borrowing methods are used to “absorb” new vocabulary into the language, at a time when society in the shortest possible time receives a huge amount of information about new objects and phenomena from around the world? In other words: does the language manage to select the appropriate equivalents or adapt the phonetic calque for foreign lexical units? The aim of this work is to study the degree of influence of the English language on borrowing methods in Chinese. To achieve the goal, tasks were set. Firstly, to study the classification of borrowing methods of domestic and foreign sinologists. Among the many scientific works, we note the works of such scientists as V.I. Gorelov, A.L. Semenas, V.G. Burov, I.D. Klenin, V.F. Shchichko, Gāo Míngkǎi, Ruitsin Miao, Kui Zhu, Liu Yongquan. Secondly, to consider and describe in detail the graphical borrowing method in Chinese. The emphasis on this borrowing method was made because it examines in detail lexical units, consisting in whole or in part of Greek or Latin letters. Thirdly, to analyze the terminological base of the Chinese language from the digital economy sphere, that is, to distribute lexical units according to groups corresponding to borrowing methods.