MODEL-TARGETED APPROACH TO SPORT PREPARATION BUILDING IN GAMES-BASED KINDS OF SPORT

The main characteristics of modeling in sports training are viewed. In the theory and methods of sports it is distinguished two main groups of models, which are necessary to optimize the process of managing sports training. The first group includes models: 1) reflecting the duration and dynamics of the development of sportsmanship in the multi-year plan, as well as within the training year and macrocycle; 2) large structural formations of the training process - stages of long-term training, macrocycles and training periods; 3) training stages, meso- and microcycles; 4) training sessions and parts; 5) individual training exercises and their complexes. The second group includes models: 1) characterizing the main aspects of the athlete’s preparedness; 2) characterizing the structure of the competitive activities necessary to achieve a given result; 3) reflecting the morphological features of the organism and the capabilities of individual functional systems that ensure the achievement of a given level of athletic skill. The algorithm of the modeling process assumes the implementation of certain actions: the study of issues for the solution of which models can be used, clarifying the ways of their application and possible limitations; determining the degree of detail of the model (the number of parameters included in the model, the nature of the relationship between them and the types of control actions on the system); determination of the duration of modeling time, which should be sufficient to ensure that all the characteristic features of this phenomenon have manifested themselves. Therefore, when developing models, you need to have a clear idea of: the complexity of the simulated objects, phenomena and processes, structural and functional interrelation of models related to different sides of the training process, the need primarily quantitative expression of the basic characteristics of models. Developing the model characteristics of preparedness and competitive activity should be guided by indicators that characterize the formation of the relevant qualities and abilities that are subject to targeted action by training and competitive means. Developing the model characteristics of preparedness and competitive activity it is desirable to express their quantitative characteristics, concretize not only in relation to the sport and its individual disciplines, but also to a specific athlete. It is also necessary to provide for the possibility of using several options for modeling individual parameters of various structural formations of the training process or depending on the condition of the athlete’s organism in various stages of the competitive activity.

model, modeling, model-targeted approach, sports training, sports games

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