THE ORGANIZATION AND CONDITIONS OF COASTAL (HANDICRAFT) FISHERY ON MURMAN IN 1920-1924

Abstract

The conditions of becoming of coastal (handicraft) fishery on Murman in the first half of 20s of XX century basing on archive material, which was first introduced. These themes are not developed in history. The history of trawl fishing has been under attention, but coastal (handicraft) fishery was not studied for a long period of time. The attempt to discuss the gaps in fishery history study on Murman is made. The definition of coastal (handicraft) fishery in the meaning is considered, geography frames of fishery are given. The short data about the structure of fishing control on Murman are given. It was the change of one state structure by the other depending on economical necessity and moment expedience. The issues connected with the time of beginning and ending of fishing season are revealed. The facts meaning the connection of the end of the season and place from which the fishermen arrived and also the issues connected with pre-term departure from fishery, which was a important fact in the conditions of labour mobilization. The issues connected with financial side of the fishery - giving bonus payment to the workers who are connected with fishing. While giving bonus payment the capture level and also the class of a ship of capturing were taken into consideration. The data connected with work of the contingent of workers not connected with the process of fishing - salters, coopers, bakers, carpenters and etc. providing this category and their families with fish. The issues regularizing the activity of fishermen: the provision with stock for work, provision by fishery clothes, the length of working day, overtime, giving leaving, travelling expenses while going to the place of work, are considered.