CIVIL EMERGENCY FORCE OF THE USSR IN 1941-1945

Abstract

The reasons of central civil emergency force during Great Patriotic War are analyzed. The sources are memoires of statesmen and commanders being Stalin’s circle. Methodological basis of research is analysis of pre-war, war and after-war political regimes as a unique one. This can help to understand the grade, reasons and scales of political regime changes during war period. The proposed hypothesis is based on historiography of the last years. The historiography contains contradiction between critical evaluation of I.V. Stalin’s role in pre-war and after-war periods, and his high appreciation during Great Patriotic War. Basing on the example of State Defense Committee, The Supreme Command it is shown that their work became more efficient after the second half of 1942. The decisions taken became the result of collective discussions. The renewal of reprisals after war let us state that in 1941-1945 I.V. Stalin changed his style under the pressure of external consequences. After their disappearance he got back to his usual style.