It is devoted to the goals and objectives of learning foreign languages in terms of corporate teaching programs, which are based on the requirements of the society and the government to the skills of modern professionals. The goals are the following: 1) developing foreign language communicative competence; 2) developing intercultural communicative competence; 3) teaching foreign languages for special purposes. The objectives are outlined as follows: 1) teaching English for international communication; 2) teaching communicative skills in situations of professional interaction; 3) teaching professional skills in English; 4) developing intellectual, psychological and social competence; 5) raising motivation to learn foreign languages; 6) intensification of foreign language learning. Professional skills and qualities, which are developed by means of English and necessary for successful business performance of a person, are also outlined, they are command of special terminology, ability to speak on economic and professional topics, presentation, negotiation skills, skills of written business communication, critical thinking, creativity, skills to work with a big amount of information, ability to solve professional problems independently, ability to use knowledge from one sphere of study in another one etc. To achieve these goals and objectives the following methods and teaching technologies were selected: an interdisciplinary approach, a student-oriented approach, a technology of developing critical thinking, a method of projects, interactive computer programs, context-based approach, corporate forms of teaching, creating a foreign language corporate environment.

The attention is paid to the fact that the psychological and pedagogical conditions must be taken into account while teaching foreign language writing interaction in a group blog. Six psychological and pedagogical conditions are revealed based on an analysis of the academic literature. They are: motivation to take part in a foreign language writing interaction within a group blog, motivation to take part in the Internet interaction in extracurricular time, the usage of cooperative learning technology, computer literacy, Threshold (Intermediate) language level, the sequence of learning stages. Besides, their notions and reasons why we should pay attention to them while foreign language writing interaction learning are revealed. Motivation is a pupil’s orientation towards the goals of foreign language learning. A group blog can help to motivate pupils to take part in a foreign language writing interaction, to show autonomy during lessons and after school. Working in a group blog involves the usage of cooperative learning technology, in other words, teamwork in reaching the goal of learning. It is necessary to note that a teacher and his pupils must be computer literate. Computer literacy means the ability to use the minimal range of knowledge and skills how to work with computers. Moreover, pupils should have Threshold (Intermediate) language level if they want to be successful while working in a group blog. The participants need to follow the sequence of writing interaction learning stages.

The career guidance in an educational institution is considered. It has been determined that the professional development of the individual begins with the moment when a person first thinks about future activities, trying to identify the range of his/her interests and the amount of knowledge needed to achieve the goal. The concept, features, functions, methods and main activities of vocational guidance activities aimed at human activation in formation and self-improvement of mental, intellectual and physical qualities that determine success in profession chosen are analyzed. The approaches for the construction of the professional future of students, in the implementation of which fundamentally new technologies and techniques are used, aimed not only to a new theoretical understanding of career guidance, but also on solving of a number of organizational issues are disclosed in detail. It is proved that today we need to train specialists, capable of functional adaptation in various fields, who are able to independently design and implement their educational and professional values, i.e. the preparation of a person capable of the lifelong education and development throughout his life. Therefore, professional adaptation as an important stage of professional self-determination of a person are looked into in detail. The essence of career guidance is to help the student make the correct choice initially. Therefore, special sessions on career counseling of high school students, meeting with students, with professional counselors, job centers employees will help to reduce unemployment among young people and reduce training costs and will form the basis for professional selection.

The basic didactic principles of education in higher school of pedagogy of physical training at the moment include scientific character; consciousness and activity in education; use of aid teaching; systematicity and sequence in education; availability and education at high level of difficulties; durability of knowledge, skills acquirement; complexity; optimality; specification; collectivism and individual approach in education. The principle of “application” is applied additionally to military institutes. In the theory and methods of physical training of armed forces (navy forces) these principles of education are the initial basic thesis while building the training process of military men, but within the framework of moving activity of human at prolonged influence of load has some specific features considering the priority of use. Varying accents of pedagogic educational principles’ use taking into consideration the tendency of modern scientific views on methods of healthy direction of physical training adopted to military-educational institutions are revealed.

The institution of the shire reeve can be actually named one of the few unsolved problems in the history of Russia at the end of XIX - the beginning of XX centuries. The highest decree from July 12, 1889 in the provinces by the Russian Empire were introduced the judicial administrative institutions in the person of the shire reeve. The basic requirements applied to the shire reeve’s post of post-reform villages are discussed. Analysis of the staff composition of the shire reeve shows that such positions were occupied by hereditary noblemen, mostly landowners, seldom with a legal education. Although the law of 1889 provided for the termination of one of Empire universities, there were not enough people with this kind of education. In the end, this post could even get those who had unfinished education at home. As for the question of hereditary nobles’ appointment, here it is easily explained by the fact that hereditary nobility was regarded by the monarchy as a pillar of the monarchy. A mandatory condition of approval in the office of the shire reeve was political reliability. Specific examples are given in the text. The age limit for this position was 25 years, but in 1904 was lowered to 21. Thus, in the course of the reform, the level of status requirements for candidates for the post of the shire reeve was down and was generally low. It was supposed that locally there exist a sufficient number of persons possessing the qualifications for appointment to the position. But the problem was that there were not enough such people. Most saw their work as something temporary until you had something more appropriate. This work contributes greatly to detailed research of counter-reform of Alexander III.

One of the little-known aspects of the librarianship history in Russian province is studied. It is said how the libraries of the Tambov province organized the service for readers in the first years of Soviet power. 1920s are shown as the period of becoming of the political and propaganda work in the libraries for the general reader. The Communist Party has set the task for libraries to make a radical change in the methods of work with readers, the development of new forms of library service. In accordance with the provisions of public policy major directions of activity of libraries is to eliminate illiteracy, improving cultural and educational level of the population, the spread of agricultural knowledge. The libraries had extended activities such as dramatizations, storytelling, books procession on the stage, oral reviews, book evening, singing ditties library, loud reading newspapers and books, contests, posters. In the libraries were created readers clubs, societies of book friends. An idea that unbearable, often critical material conditions of existence of libraries led to the fact that in many of them was the payment for the use of books, liens and penalties, which subsequently had a negative impact on attendance of libraries is formed: the number of readers has decreased dramatically.

The character and structure of political repressions of the Tambov social elite of 1920-1940s is considered. The source for research were prosopographic electronic database (DB) of repressed elite, which includes more than a thousand personalities, and was created on the basis of the preparatory work on the Memory Book of political repression of the Tambov region. In the result of the analysis of the DB the movement of representatives of regional social elite through the historical stages of Soviet political repression is shown. Age and gender structure of the repressed and its correlation with punishment is set. Thus, the proportion of women amounted to less than 5 %, which corresponds to the level of the elite of the labour market. Most of the victims were between the ages of 41 to 50 years (27 %), with most sentenced to death elderly people over 71 years (in 77.3 % of cases). The aggregate share of the shootings was 35.9 %, with women less likely than men sentenced to death (14.9 and 36.9 %, respectively). Considered through the prism of purges national and professional composition of social activists the largest share of the death penalty among the Jews and the party-Soviet and industrial leaders was shown. Repression of the Great Terror period (1937-1938) as the most massive and violent (64 % of all those arrested and executed 95.4 % of the Tambov “elitists”) is separately analyzed. Thus, the study showed that created electronic DB on continuous, long lines and representative lines of sociographic personal information allows unbiased to consider the political repression of the regional social elites and to describe their dynamics and structure.

Within the scope of certain monads and fundamental stages of communicative social theory development elaborated in the second half of XX century by Western social science represented by T. Parsons, N. Luhmann, J. Habermas, K.-O. Apel and other authors have been considered. After the analysis of Russian prerevolutionary scholars of sociological school like P.A. Sorokin, A.S. Zvonitskaya, K.M. Takhtarev the fact that the said scholars used in their academic research works a number of notions and categories characteristic of the communicative social theory and also interpreted basic social phenomena, including law, through the lens of communication is becoming apparent. For example, investigations by K.M. Takhtarev were based on such notion as “social intercourse”, whereas A.S. Zvonitskaya used the category of “social communication” and P.A. Sorokin elaborated the edifice of “social interaction”. During the next, Soviet period of Russian science development despite negative attitude to such “bourgeois” investigations, scientific thinking tried to use certain notions characteristic of a communicative approach. Thus, on that academic stage Russian scholar Y.I. Grevtsov who had dedicated his works to the problems of legal relations and rights exercise extensively used a category of interaction, this category being one of the basic concepts of communicative social theory. At the present time when Soviet ideological dogmas ceased to exist and vital necessity of contemporary Russian jurisprudence further development and evolutional transformation came into existence, new concepts and theories claiming revision of classic jurisprudence principles and based on using a communicative approach as well came into being. All this has become possible owing to heuristic value of the communicative social theory and due to the scientific basis laid in the preceding period by the Russian scientific ideas.

The office of chiliarch (from ancient Greek “head of a thousand”) at the courts of the Achemenid Persian dynasty and Alexander the Great is considered. The sources include the ancient authors such as works of Arrian, Quintus Curtius Rufus, Cornelius Nepos, Xenophon Plutarch, Aelian, Justin etc., which contain materials on Persian Empire of Achemenid and on Alexander the Great activity. There are no works in the Russian historiography, specially devoted to this topic, but in foreign literature this topic has been studied by A.W. Collins, A. Meus, A.P. Keaveney. The status of chiliarch, its functions and duties are considered. The position of chiliarch in the Persian and Alexander’s Empires are also compared. The development of the office of chiliarch in the process of Alexander’s Empire creation in the East is described. It is concluded that under the Persians the chiliarch usually controlled an access to the King and observance of court ceremonials and under Alexander the chiliarch was a less influenced person and carried out the military tasks ordered by the Macedonian King.

It is devoted to the questions of inter-civilization and inter-cultural cooperation in the border areas of Russia and China. At present, Russian-Chinese relations are characterized by an extremely high level of development, it is the strategic partnership and collaboration, and the research of the contacts between the representatives of the two civilizations on the border areas is relevant now and without any doubt has a theoretical and practical significance. Using a systematic approach and problem-chronological method, the history of the Chinese traders’ presence in the Amur region is analyzed, their economic activity in the Amur region at the present time is considered in detail, their relations with the Russian population are characterized. The questions of interaction of the Chinese businessmen with the representatives of the ethnic groups from the CIS countries, exactly with the Uzbek expat, are considered. The attempt to analyze the mechanisms of mutual contacts is made, the successful moments and the difficulties in the relations are considered. In general, the Russian population proved communication more familiar with Chinese businessmen, rather than with the representatives of the Uzbek expat. It is concluded that the features of the interaction of different civilizations’ representatives in the Far East border areas due to existing the long-term historical experience of the relations between peoples of Russia and China, and due to developing mutually beneficial contacts at the level of “people’s diplomacy”.

The evolution of bilateral relations between Romania and Russia after the “cold war”, as well as the factors that have influenced the dynamics of these relations in the last two decades are examined. In this study, a complex theoretical and empirical research methods, analyzing the evolution of Romanian-Russian relations in the new security architecture that is continually changing after the end of the “cold war” is used. Romanian-Russian relations are now correlated with the dynamics that exist in the world, and therefore sometimes tension occurs. This dynamic is a result of historic and geopolitical factors. All research is based on the principle of objectivity, since it was possible to study in detail the issues of foreign policy of the two countries and the evolution of Romanian-Russian relations in terms of the processes taking place in the international arena. Particular emphasis is placed on the changes in the positions of Romania and Russia in terms of partnership activation and it mitigates the “cold” climate in bilateral relations. In addition, “unresolved issues” of the Romanian-Russian relations are defined and their gradual normalization is examined, which is a slow process because of the mutual hostile perceptions and political allegedly incompatible national interests.

The reviewed monograph is one of publications, combining the features of memoirs with scientific understanding of recent history events: tragic results of October revolution and Civil War, mobilization of all moral and physical strength of the people in the years of the Great Patriotic War and post war building. The common for V.F. Penkov panorama view on historical reality and deep understanding that the ways of history are made according to one intention is underlined.

The relevance of the formation of information competence among the future social workers, which is due to the requirements of higher education in shaping a competitive personality, owning a large arsenal of means and methods of working with a professional deterministic information is substantiated. The necessity of the development and validation of models of formation of information competence of a social worker at the university by means of computer technology is substantiated. Under the model of information competence of the social worker a single, interconnected system that provides social workers learning process is understood, where the conditions of application of training tools methods and forms, informational competence is formed as an integral system of knowledge and skills to ensure the competitiveness of the individual, its focus on self-education, self-improvement and self-development. The development model was based on: the system, the competency, axiological and activity approaches. The approaches due to their didactic principles have been identified on the basis of the selected methodological: integrity, consciousness and activity, humanization dialogization and interdisciplinary integration, subjectivity, multifunctional, reflexivity. Building on the methodological approaches and didactic principles was based learning content, developed stages, were selected methods, tools, forms of learning and teaching conditions. The stages of formation of information competence of the future social worker: adaptively adjusting, reproductively-activity, professionally-oriented are described, each of which was carried out throughout the period of training of social workers with 1-4 course. To determine the effectiveness of the process of formation of information competence of the social worker, the criteria, indicators and levels of formation of information competence are revealed.

The inclusion of stochastic elements into the structure of school Mathematics has divided teachers and methodologists into two “camps”. Some believe that the elements of the stochastic need to be studied directly in Mathematics lessons, but within the individual topics of school textbooks and at the end of the school year. Others have positioned the inclusion of stochastic elements in the form of electives or elective courses, explaining that there is the grip of school time and within school curricula. In this regard the methodology of teaching Mathematics is no single approach to sequence learning stochastic concepts and no single methodology the introduction of these concepts. At this stage every author outlines their methodology, mostly based on the methodology of teaching of probability theory and mathematical statistics at the University. In this regard the stochastic elements stand apart from the substantial-methodical lines of the course of Mathematics, which gradually formed, developed and interacted between themselves. We have shown that to overcome the “alienation” of the stochastic elements from “traditional” school Mathematics is possible, if you include their study in every section of the program. Certain examples of interaction of elements of the stochastic numerical content and methodical line of a school course of Mathematics are considered. It is shown that the stochastic elements can not only be organically included in the structure of Mathematics, but also with its means to strengthen intra-subject connection.

It is considered that one of the most urgent problems of architectural education - creative development of students in the course of independent work on a drawing class. Acquisition of a man of a certain philosophical understanding of the world through the image, knowledge of the creative potential and opportunities should be implemented at all stages of education. It should include the job in which there is not only educational Fine problem solving (literacy), but also aesthetic and imaginative (expression). One type of pattern performed by the imagination is a fantasy figure. Development of imagination, compositional skills and the skills of students is offered through: short-term (drafts, sketches) and long drawings (architectural fantasy composition). The experience of work on the use of fantasy figure in the creative development of architecture students is given. Works are focused on: the original, non-standard solution images of objects; study of artistic and expressive means necessary for the realization of visual-associative work on the reproduction of the figurative world. This process uses independent work as a form of creative development of students. Drawing from imagination (fantasy image) in teaching drawing activates the students’ independent work, because: it gives the experience manipulating images; develops the powers of observation, imagination, fantasy, hand-eye coordination; It allows you to go through all the steps of creating a work of art: from the birth of the idea to its realization in the art form; creates conditions for the formation of their own style, it promotes the study and informed use of figurative-expressive means of the language of art; opens student creative self-realization in the exhibition activities, participation in creative competitions.

According to the data of the State Archive of Tambov Region biographical information general characteristics of professors and lecturers staff of Tambov State University (1918-1921): sex, age, social background, education, general and higher educational institution pedagogical length of service, research work is given. The professional image of the most significant personalities is shown. The data which let acquaint teaching staff of “Tambov State University” capable are analyzed and consequently liquidation of the university was because of external reasons.