The issue of the integration of mobile devices and technologies into the learning experience is considered. The process of development and integration of m-learning is viewed in historical perspective regarding its interconnection with the learner-centred approach. Didactic potential of modern technologies’ implementation is investigated within the framework of learner-centred education. Citing a number of outstanding methodologists and analysts in the sphere of education the main educational approaches existing from 1970-s till the present are pointed out and examined. Discovery learning, constructivism, problem-based learning, learner-centred approach are studied in detail from the viewpoint of their interconnection with e-learning and m-Learning. The conclusion that nowadays learner-oriented approach might be considered the most efficient one is made. The key advantages of the named method are the following: 1) autonomy and personalization; 2) evaluation; 3) creativity; 4) planning; 5) cooperation; 6) lifelong learning. A number of examples of information and communication technologies application is given to illustrate the successful realization of the mentioned principles. The didactic potential of e-Learning is analysed as well as of m-Learning. The issue of difficulties in the introduction of new technologies into the educational process is tackled: methodological and psychological problems are mentioned. The main pedagogical tasks that are aimed at solving significant educational problems are defined and the ways of realization of an up-to-date approach to learning experience are proposed.

The changes in jural legislation in the sphere of population protection make the specialists find new forms and methods of social work with elderly people taking into consideration their basic requirements. In this particular case we consider mutual aid as one of directions of development and strengthening the functional regulator of elderly people community according to the principle “equal to equal”. We see the construction of the ways of elderly people’s activation solution in creation of voluntary community of elderly people who need volunteer help including them in working activity. This view plays the role of goal-value which regulates the field of work of elderly people. Help, mutual aid are generally known values, they are social norms in the society. Social rules are the basis of collective behaviour and they predetermine the transition from disorganized to organized behaviour. The inclusion of active pensioners in gerontovoluntary requires professional approach to their preparation. The inclusion in this community does not mean that the pensioner may be ready for performing his role of gerontovoluntary. He/she can support the ideas of this community but may not be functionally ready for making some actions. According to our opinion the readiness for gerontovoluntary activity are the personal qualities which cause effective activity of gerontovoluntary, motivational-value relation to the activity, the presence of stable knowledge about the functions of gerontovoluntary work, the forms and methods of gerontovoluntary work at professional level, the ability to determine and decide problems of persons under care, the presence of communicative skills. The readiness for gerontovoluntary activity must be figured out through the display of definite criteria and indices of professionalism. The activation of elderly population by means of gerontovoluntary work has double effect. On the one hand, active pensioners are involved in the decision of social problems of society. On the other hand, a great amount of elderly people and disabled people will get support. Thus, realization of modern legislative basis will be more effective if we include the subject itself in the decision of problems of social policy of state subject.

The question of valuable relation to parenting by means of social education formation at senior pupils is considered. The definition of a value attitude formation concept to parenthood, derived from the analysis of the scientific literature, as a direction for social education of high school students is proposed. Basing on the conducted research based on the ideas of the juveniological, axiological and environmental approaches, the following main directions of work with high school students in the general education school were developed with the aim of forming in them a value attitude towards parenting by means of social education: the formation of an attitude to non-conflict behavior, setting for a healthy lifestyle, information on the types of feelings and ways of expression, the formation of listening skills to better, understand their second half (spouse), children, significance of others, responsible behavior of the parents in relation to their family. Formation of the skills of rational housekeeping, effective and economical organization of the family budget, awareness of the parental unity of oneself and one’s partner, including the need for parental unity, informing and forming skills for applying basic legal acts regulating marriage and family relations, etc. Thus, the activities of priority areas of work with high school students in the general education school should be aimed at solving the main problems of modern families: economic, housing, psychological and pedagogical problems, employment problems, physical health, ambiguous attitude of society to the phenomenon of many children, information problems, etc. The results of the study on the formation of a value attitude to the parenthood of high school students showed that there is a need in the society for the development and implementation of author programs on the formation of a value attitude to parenthood, as a direction for social education of high school students, in the implementation of which it is also necessary to take into account the willingness of the educator to realize a value attitude towards a partner (student) in communion with him, which helps to create a trusting relationship between program participants and teacher, and it increases the effectiveness of the results of the interaction as a whole. In this direction the problem is poorly understood and it requires further research.

The problem of creation a system of socio-pedagogical support of children with disabilities from preschool and elementary general education in terms of continuity of requirements of the learning standards of preschool and elementary general education of students with disabilities through pedagogical design is considered. The initial stage of modeling of the process of socio-pedagogical support of children with disabilities in the conditions of learning standards, which result in the model are described. The model of the system of socio-pedagogical support of children with disabilities of preschool and younger school age in conditions of learning standards based on the integrity of the structural components (task, organizational and substantial, effective and criterion). The model contains a description of the main directions of socio-pedagogical support of children with disabilities from preschool and elementary general education, implemented in regional and municipal psychological and pedagogical medical support resource centers, preschool and elementary general education and the pedagogical conditions promoting efficiency of implementation of the model.

The analysis of new kinds of sport appearing process in global scale is carried out. The basic methods of research are analysis and generalization of special literature data and electronic data base, induction, deduction, culturological approach. 87 sources are analyzed. The research was carried out on the basis of Belgorod National Research University and Taras Shevchenko Transnistria State University in 2016-2017. The aim of research was the attempt to reveal basic ways and features of new kinds of sport appearance, unlike traditional kinds of sport. During the research it was stated that among typical ways of new kinds of sport appearance in the last few years are such as realization of original author’s idea of physical improvement, differentiation of traditional kind of sport versions, migration of foreign sport, integration of traditional kinds of sport, international popularization of public sport tradition in international caliber, formation of extreme physical culture, implementation of new technologies in sport. At the result of the carried out research the relative criteria of marking “new” kinds of sport are defined, the attempt to classify some groups of kinds of sport, which appeared for the last ten years is realized. The forecast for further development of not only those kinds of sport which have already appeared and actively progress in the world is made, but also the guess about the appearance of new and unknown ways of new kinds of sport appearance, the main reason of which are new human needs is made. The carried out research is aimed at attraction of specialists’ attention to the problem of the growing contradiction between traditional perception of physical culture values and developing innovations in sport.

The sphere of sport is characterized by intensive development and growth of sporting achievements now. The growing level of sports results, rational use of time playing sports demand search of the new means and methods directed to improvement and increase in efficiency of training process. In training process characteristic features of the operated system which influence correctness and timeliness of adoption of optimal solutions are distinguished. The mode of the anticipating management with forecasting of process of the leading functions of organism is most effective. Information obtained in the course of the trainings and competitions allows control objectively development of individual characteristics to which training process is directed. Studying of sports training should not be limited only to pedagogical researches. It demands inclusion in system of sports training of knowledge of biological essence of live matter with regularities of development of the whole organism inherent in it at influence of complex of the training influences. Such approach means application of the theory of systems for research and explanation of difficult venues. However system approach was not still used fully in researches of the theory and technique of speed skating. It is caused by the fact that in speed skating only those parties which give in to formalization easier and which research allows use of the device and methods of this or that section of sports preparation are allocated and studied. Such approach is insufficient for understanding of all complexity of sports training in speed skating and it has influenced the choice of subject of research.

The main characteristics of modeling in sports training are viewed. In the theory and methods of sports it is distinguished two main groups of models, which are necessary to optimize the process of managing sports training. The first group includes models: 1) reflecting the duration and dynamics of the development of sportsmanship in the multi-year plan, as well as within the training year and macrocycle; 2) large structural formations of the training process - stages of long-term training, macrocycles and training periods; 3) training stages, meso- and microcycles; 4) training sessions and parts; 5) individual training exercises and their complexes. The second group includes models: 1) characterizing the main aspects of the athlete’s preparedness; 2) characterizing the structure of the competitive activities necessary to achieve a given result; 3) reflecting the morphological features of the organism and the capabilities of individual functional systems that ensure the achievement of a given level of athletic skill. The algorithm of the modeling process assumes the implementation of certain actions: the study of issues for the solution of which models can be used, clarifying the ways of their application and possible limitations; determining the degree of detail of the model (the number of parameters included in the model, the nature of the relationship between them and the types of control actions on the system); determination of the duration of modeling time, which should be sufficient to ensure that all the characteristic features of this phenomenon have manifested themselves. Therefore, when developing models, you need to have a clear idea of: the complexity of the simulated objects, phenomena and processes, structural and functional interrelation of models related to different sides of the training process, the need primarily quantitative expression of the basic characteristics of models. Developing the model characteristics of preparedness and competitive activity should be guided by indicators that characterize the formation of the relevant qualities and abilities that are subject to targeted action by training and competitive means. Developing the model characteristics of preparedness and competitive activity it is desirable to express their quantitative characteristics, concretize not only in relation to the sport and its individual disciplines, but also to a specific athlete. It is also necessary to provide for the possibility of using several options for modeling individual parameters of various structural formations of the training process or depending on the condition of the athlete’s organism in various stages of the competitive activity.

The questions of classification and statistics of child and adolescent morbidity of the circulatory system is considered. Statistical data on the presence of cardiovascular diseases in the studied region and the country as a whole is reviewed. The data of the Institute of Prophylaxis of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation in congenital and acquired childhood morbidity is studied. The data on child morbidity diseases of the circulatory system in the Tula region in general, and adolescent cardiovascular pathology in Tula Suvorov Military School division specific nosological groups are presented: small anomalies of heart development, heart defects, functional changes of the cardiovascular system, neuro-circulatory dystonia. The structure of congenital heart disease in children and adolescents in Tula region for 2015-2016 is described. It is proved that one of the leading causes of child morbidity is cardiovascular disease. The necessity of developing new experimental sound approaches to physical training in terms of physical qualities development of cadets of adolescence, having pathology of the cardiovascular system. On the basis of statistical data, the proposed far beyond the development of appropriate approaches to the development of physical qualities in this category of students is studied.

The high prevalence of dyscirculatory encephalopathy and the high percentage of working age people’s affect is the foundation of relevance of improvement the methods of physical rehabilitation of this group of patients. Dyscirculatory encephalopathy is characterized by the decrease of physical and social activity of patients, limiting their working activity and the abilities of self-service. The results of stabilometrical research of patients with dyscirculatory encephalopathy carried out within the framework of experiment on estimation of efficiency of methods of physical rehabilitation in the basis of which lie active gymnastics exercises, influencing differently on postural muscles of patient and reconstructing and developing coordination abilities. The results of posturography confirm positive dynamics of changes of indices of static and dynamic stability of patients. The reduction in breadth of stance, vibration velocity of pressure centre in frontal and sagittal plane, the decrease of posturography length, the decrease of vibration velocity of pressure centre of body among the patients of experimental group confirmed the current hypothesis about the efficiency of the efficiency of the developed methods of rehabilitation. The statistic comparison of results of research in control and experimental groups with the use of vertical stability index on scale Bohannon R correlates with the results of stabilometrical research and it confirms the current hypothesis.

One of the basic tasks, being decided in the process of physical training, is the provision of optimal development of moving abilities. Moving abilities are inborn morphofunctional features, due to which physical activity is possible and necessary motor activity of a human. The basic moving activities are strength, rapidity, endurance, flexibility, dexterity. Flexibility is one of the most important moving activities of a human. It is in the group of genetically based abilities with expressed productive periods of development and display. Flexibility is characterized by the degree of freedom of parts of supporting-motor apparatus and by the ability to accomplish movements with large amplitude. This moving ability of human should be developed from the very childhood and systematically. The most productive period of flexibility development is junior and middle school age. Taking into consideration individual peculiarities, inherited abilities of one or another child, sensitive periods of physical abilities development of physical quality, it is possible to build the process of child’s preparation, to use the methods and facilities of development of his/her moving abilities according to the age. The most effective facilities and methods of development of flexibility at school age children at physical training in educational institutions are presented.

The studying of the process of political and social structures reformation in Russia in XIX century is impossible without the attention of a researcher to the reformers’ personalities, including the “second plan” reformers, such as bureaucrats often hidden behind the members of an imperial family and ministers. The quantitative research of the degree of real influence of such informal factors of the career dynamics as patronage, disgrace and marriage of convenience on the rate of advance in the Table of Ranks of the members of the higher bureaucracy on the example of some members of the Council of State of Russian Empire is discussed. The source of the analysis is the prosopographic database “The members of the Council of State of Russian Empire of the second half of the XIX century”. The main instrument of the analysis is the comparison between the dynamics of the rank changes of the concrete persons and the average level revealed on the basis of the explored database. The result of the research is a supposition about a loose influence of the mentioned informal factors on the career dynamics. The marriage of convenience does not show any qualitative influence on the way of the career advance in analyzed cases. Patronage and disgrace demonstrate some influence on the career dynamics but do not change its way thoroughly, being a kind of “catalysts”.

The awareness of each individual and each individual group, their social status and their vital needs is a necessary feature of any society. In this plan, it seems important to consider the condition of the Russian peasantry in the turn of the XIX-XX centuries for the purpose of reasons’ clarification that contributed to the awakening consciousness of the rural workers. It is proved that the reason for the awakening consciousness of the rural workers the studied period of time was the deterioration of relations between peasants and their administration in the face of land chiefs, township heads and township clerks. Analysis stored in the State Archive of the Russian Federation documents containing information about activities of the All-Russian Peasant Union, an important reason for the awakening the peasants’ self-awareness at the beginning of the XX century was the influence of the agitation of the Socialist-Revolutionaries and the Social Democrats. It is revealed that under the influence of this propaganda the attitude of the farmers to the Emperor, relative to the parochial clergy, the attitude of wealthy farmers, etc was formed. It is noted, that during the first Russian revolution of 1905-1907, rural workers have become more respectful to treat their people’s teachers. Due to that with the formation of the State Duma and the right to openly express their demands of Russian peasantry, fully aware of themselves as a class in the Russian society.

One of the most specific forms of campaign against illiteracy not directly connected with the techniques which are characteristic of the time is studied. The stages, the organization and means of the Soviet campaign against illiteracy held in 1921-1926 are analyzed. A comparison of educational and ideological aspects of this campaign allows to see how they were related and how they contributed to the formation of new cultural practices. The legal development of Soviet education on the territory of Kursk province are outlined. In the years of socialist construction the Council of People’s Commissars adopted a decree “About liquidation of illiteracy among the population of RSFSR”. The main objective was to investigate how the literacy a large proportion of the working population of the country, which were endowed with the right to vote. The newly formed state needed educated people in order to create a new management structure. Also the need in qualified personnel for production, for production development in industrial enterprises is created, which was impossible without education. The basic premises of Soviet cultural construction are shown, the principal tasks of the proletariat in the field of mastering science are established, issues of cultural and political education and raising the cultural level of the masses are addressed. The particularly important role in improving the education system and attracting the masses is discussed that contributed to the management of government, involvement in political life of the country, solving major social issues in the life of the village.

The formation of ideas about the internal and foreign policy of the state, the ideological foundations of the country, belongs to the most important tasks facing the power elites of any historical epoch. Depending on the time, the political and ideological content of the information space is changing, but the mechanism, approaches and tools for working with the individual are rarely transformed. Based on the analysis of archival materials, the mechanism is reconstructed to form the image of the political and ideological reality in which a person lives, necessary for the Soviet government. A comparative analysis of the organizations involved in this process (Soviet, party and cultural-educational) demonstrates that the methods and forms of work with the Leningrad, proposed by cultural institutions, proved to be most productive. This is because the Houses and Palaces of Culture, clubs and other cultural and educational institutions built the political and ideological component into the general information flow and thereby made it unobtrusive; while working with a man in the street, his educational, cultural level and other characteristics were taken into account. Analysis of the activities of cultural and mass institutions demonstrated that the most productive is building work with a person, if the organization does not simply perceive the requests and desires of the object of its impact, but changes with it.

The problem of working with dictionaries as sources of the speech culture of junior schoolchildren is considered. Several dictionaries are selected: “Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language” V.I. Dahl, dictionaries by M.R. Lvov, “Dictionary of Russian surnames” V.A. Nikonov, “Dictionary of the Russian language” S.I. Ozhegova, “Dictionary of the difficulties of the Russian language” D.E. Rosenthal, “School word-building dictionary of the Russian language” A.N. Tikhonov, as well as the options for their use in the lessons in primary school. If the dictionary is not designed for a junior schoolchild, using the method of reading-communication developed by N.N. Svetlovskaya is suggested. The question of the lack of systematic work with dictionaries in the classroom, or about the presence of episodic work, when from time to time the teacher includes a vocabulary in practical work in Russian language lessons or suggests younger students to independently consult a dictionary in case of difficulties is sharply raised. The need to develop a culture of speech in the primary school is confirmed by government documents and educational programs. The Russian language course allows the most productive use of dictionaries in this direction. The examples of educational materials on the Russian language of “Planet of Knowledge” are given. At the same time, the inadequate fullness of textbooks on the Russian language with tasks related to working with dictionaries is revealed. The exercises for junior schoolchildren using the above dictionaries are suggested and the tasks of teachers in addressing these problems are outlined.

Social and cultural design is one of the leading destinations for leisure in the sphere of additional education. Presenting opportunities for productive creative thinking, it contributes to the realization of the potential of the younger generation, the development of communicative space, organizing productive pastime. Project activities serve as an organic cooperation of children and teachers. Shaping the professional experience of the teachers, project-based learning allows concentrate on the most important aspects of further education, to identify the leading trends of social and cultural sphere. In the process of creating projects the creative team develops independence in the choice of forms of realization of creative activities, there is interest in creating a new product in unusual conditions, the desire is beneficial to apply the skills acquired. The efficiency in the use of project activities in the field of further education should be noted, which involves the development of critical thinking, coordination of cognitive activities, enabling project participants to search for information. This in turn proves the necessity of using this method in teaching practice and provides not only the transfer of knowledge and skills to the younger generation, but also contributes to the expansion of the boundaries of the social space of the younger generation. The approaches of different scientists to the definition of the project activities are provided. That contributes to the development of key positions in relation to the formation of social and cultural design as one of the leading directions in the field of additional education at the present stage.

The essence and specificity of youth extremism as a phenomenon of social destruction are considered. The basic legislative and legal documents on the prevention of extremism are described. The leading methodological approaches to the phenomenon, the characteristic peculiarities of destructive attitudes among young people are considered and revealed. It is proved that youth extremism occurs mainly in marginal environments; in situations characterized by the absence of applicable regulations, facilities that focus on law-abiding; club culture; corresponds to societies and groups adopting the ideology of violence. The main vectors in the prevention of youth extremism, according to the methodological recommendations on the prevention and combating extremism in the youth environment are defined, where the special role of socio-cultural activities is marked. The social-cultural activity has a large proved arsenal of technologies that preventive work on prevention of extremism to make the most effective and is regarded as a branch of pedagogical science that is focused on the formation of tolerance, cross-cultural education, intercultural dialogue. The social-cultural technology that can prevent the spread of extremist ideology among young people (cultural, awareness-raising, communication, education, research, management) are analyzed. An analytical review of social and cultural arts programs for youth that promote intercultural dialogue, cultural identity, interfaith interaction is made.

The relevance is conditioned by the modern post-industrial society in which the main goal of the youth is the desire for creative self-realization. The structure, basic forms and parameters of creative self-realization, their semantic content are considered. Types of self-regulation of free time are distinguished. The concept of free time is described as one of the forms of creative self-realization. The conditions for the artistic and aesthetic development of young people, their creative self-realization in the arts system are named. Various components of free time spent are considered, features of the organization of free time as forms of creative self-realization of youth are analyzed, problem questions in modern conditions are allocated. Some positions, which are necessary for creative self-realization and their psychological pre-conditions due to the possibility of active leisure time organization are presented. It is substantiated that the success of innovative changes and the use of leisure pastime is predetermined by the presence of an effective individual-oriented style, including the skills of effective self-organization of free time. It proved that co-operative rather than authoritarian regulation can lead to an individualization of the process of professional and creative development among young people, so the atmosphere between the teacher and the young person must be complemented by special organisational measures, in particular, creation of conditions for the rational organization of free time.

The process of forming career strategies of students in terms of self-government is studied. The leading methodological approaches to the problem of modeling career strategies (procedural, substantive, personal) are considered. Structural components of the process of career self-determination, which includes such components as: personal creativity, co-creativity, creativity within the group or organization, social and professional adaptability, effective coherence are characterized. Students’ self-government considered from the standpoint of social-cultural activities and defined as a special form of initiative, independent and responsible social activity of students aimed at solving important life issues, the development of their social activity, engagement with the administration and public organizations with the purpose of optimization of activity of educational institutions and improvement of the process of professionalization. It is proved that the social-cultural activity has a large arsenal of technologies to optimize this process, and it is considered as a branch of pedagogical science which aims at the social-cultural integration of the individual. The author’s model for the formation of career strategies of students in terms of self-government that includes four interrelated parts: conceptual, educational, vocational, cultural, criteria and scoring are presented. Fundamental are the questions of target of the purpose of the author’s model, aimed at the development of strategic thinking, creativity, social-cultural activity, management skills, and interpersonal interaction and is based on the subject projecting of educational space of the University, proactive participation in implementation of projects, updating of gained experience for further professional development.

The problem of self-esteem of seniors’ identity is considered. This problem is urgent in modern society which imposes certain requirements to results of development of the identity of students in the conditions of the modern educational environment. For satisfaction of inquiries of society in harmoniously developed identity of the student who possesses certain characteristics, it is offered to realize the program of tutor maintenance of personal self-esteem of seniors. For ensuring constructability of personal self-esteem of students, it is necessary to define indicators. In the course of the analysis of psychology and pedagogical literature nine indicators, urgent in the context of a research, have been defined: the dominating strategy of self-esteem; sociability of the personality and establishment of the strong relations with representatives of different social groups; ability to a reflection of inner world, own opportunities and behaviour; formation of valuable reference points; level of satisfaction of requirements; aspiration to self-development; adequacy of a self-assessment; motivation to achievement of success; creative relation to activity. Stages of work of the tutor are considered, his activity is characterized and examples for realization are given.